http://www.mummums.com Baby MumMum blog offers expert knowledge and parenting advice for raising healthy children with a focus on child nutrition, infant development, baby products, celiac disease and more. en http://www.mummums.com/themes/default/images/rssicon.jpg http://www.mummums.com http://www.mummums.com/2008/07/Organic-Baby-Food--UN-Adopts-New-Baby-Formula-Standards By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Research finds that when it comes to feeding your baby, breast is best. However, for some women breastfeeding is not an option leading to the difficult decision of which formula to choose. Infant formula is ever-evolving as formula manufacturers attempt to provide a baby formula similar to breast milk containing optimum nutrients. It appears that the infant formula standards and physician recommendations seem to change as rapidly as the formulas themselves. Recently, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has evolved their stance on infant formula recommendations by stating parents should use a hypoallergenic formula in lieu of the previously recommended soy formula when a digestive intolerance occurs. Also shifting to new standards on global infant formula recommendations is the United Nations (UN). Health officials announced yesterday that the UN food commission has adopted new protocols for the handling and production of infant formula in order to prevent diseases in infants and children. The new standards, adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, contain a series of safety measures for powdered infant formula to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination. A few years ago, several infants became ill and even died when formula was either contaminated or mixed with non-potable water. In 2005, a China based formula manufacturer did not provide adequate nutrition in their formula resulting in malnourished children. The new UN standards include instructions for parents and caregivers on how to safely prepare bottles for baby as well as proper storage. The codex commission was set up by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization to serve as a global reference for food safety. The commission, including 174 member countries and the European Union, also decided to set safety standards for genetically modified (GM) foods. While food made from GM animals has yet to hit the market globally, the commission has decided to assess any potential health risks before mass consumption begins. The commission already has risk guidelines for GM plant-based foods. Health risks include inducing allergic reactions and increasing antibiotic resistance. Lastly, the commission adopted new standards for the labeling of gluten free foods. A food labeled gluten-free may not contain wheat, barley, rye, or oats and the gluten level must not exceed 20 milligrams per kilogram. Although all nations included in the commission have adopted these standards, it is up the other individual countries to choose whether or not to accept. http://www.mummums.com/2008/07/Organic-Baby-Food--UN-Adopts-New-Baby-Formula-Standards Thu, 03 Jul 2008 13:53:03 -0400 breastfeeding infant formula United Nations American Academy of Pediatrics global infant formula recommendations genetically modified foods GM food gluten free UN Food and Agriculture Organization http://www.mummums.com/2008/07/Baby-Development--Study-Finds-Mothers-Junk-Food-Harms-Child By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Mum Mums certainly advocates optimum nutrition for mothers and their babies. Plenty of research has shown that a healthy diet may protect a baby from many health conditions including asthma and food allergies. What if the opposite were true? Could a mothers poor diet have counterproductive effects on a babys health and well-being? A new study serves up an interesting new perspective. If the saying you are what you eat holds true, babies may also be comprised of what their mothers eat. The Royal Veterinary College along side Londons Wellcome Trust found that eating an unhealthy diet while pregnant or breastfeeding can harm a childs long term health. The animal based study found that rats that ate highly processed, fat-laden foods had offspring with high levels of fat in their bloodstream as well as around their organs even up to adolescence. This deposition of fat in the midsection is a common predictor of type II diabetes and heart disease. The same research team, through previous studies, found that rats who ate junk food throughout pregnancy and while breastfeeding had offspring who craved very similar snacks. Yet during this study, the research team took the analysis and step further only to find that even when the young rats were weaned off the unhealthy diet, the damage had already been done. Another interesting find of the study was the variation between the sexes. Young male rats had higher levels of insulin yet normal blood sugars; but the reverse was true for the females who also tended to be more overweight. Discussion of the study results brought up another highly debated topic- can animal studies be accurately extrapolated to human biology? Researchers of the study say absolutely, as humans share several fundamental biological systems with rats. At a minimum, the study provides credo to the fact that early dietary influence from mothers is imperative for a babys healthy eating habits. http://www.mummums.com/2008/07/Baby-Development--Study-Finds-Mothers-Junk-Food-Harms-Child Wed, 02 Jul 2008 18:12:42 -0400 Mum Mum's optimum nutrition mothers babies baby development Royal Veterinary College London's Wellcome Trust Foundation eating during pregnancy diabetes http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-University-of-Chicago-Study-Finds-Parenting-Style-and-Babys-Temperament-Predict-Challenging-Behavior-Later-in-Childhood-Crib-and-Bassinet-Safety-Issues-Examine This is a selection of recent popular blogs from Mum Mum, where parents can find information n everything to do with babies and parenting with an emphasis on health and nutrition. University of Chicago Study Finds Parenting Style and Babys Temperament Predict Challenging Behavior Later in Childhood Several recent studies have found that parental involvement during babys first year of life can have a vast influence on a child for years to come. The post explains that even though the first year may feel like the toughest, parents can lay the groundwork for their childs future behavior. The University of Chicago study found that parenting style along with babys temperament are distinct predictors of challenging childhood behaviors. Mothers reported infant temperaments including predictability, fussiness, and general disposition. Also noted was the mothers direct involvement with the baby and familial activity level. Researchers concluded that fussy babies and those whose mothers did not provide intellectual stimulation were at higher risk for behavioral problems including trouble in school, than those with less fussy dispositions. Crib and Bassinet Safety Issues Examined When preparing babys nursery, crib selection is one of the most important components. Even before the crib, many parents use bassinets so that baby may stay in the same room. Mum Mums reviews recent safety issues with both cribs and bassinets. This week, Toys ‘R Us recalled over 320,000 cribs made by Jardine. The cribs were recalled due to several reported cases of children getting injured or stuck in faulty wooden slats. In addition, a new study by Childrens National Medical Center reviewed the safety history of bassinets. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies stay in the same room as parents yet in their own sleeping space for maximum safety during the first few weeks. The study found that if parents follow recommendations by the Consumer Product Safety Commission for bassinet usage, they are indeed safe for infants. Gluten Free Recipe of the Month: Millet Cereal Millet is one of the oldest grains known to man, and has been a staple food in Africa and India for thousands of years. In fact, millet currently sustains 1/3 of the worlds population. The post provides a family friendly breakfast optimizing this gluten free grain. The nutty flavor of millet makes this grain highly versatile in a variety of culinary ways. It can be cooked like rice or pasta, and boasts a high nutrient content including an excellent source of magnesium. The millet cereal recipe contains bananas and is reminiscent of warm banana bread. Not only is it gluten free, it is also free from all common food allergens. About The Mum-Mum Blog The Baby Mum Mum Blog discusses everything to do with Babies and Parenting with a focus on Health, Nutrition and Infant Development. Baby Mum Mum is a healthy, easy to digest baby rice snack that is enjoyed by babies and moms around the world for its portability, gluten free ingredients and great taste. Baby Mum Mum is a division of Want Want Holdings, a manufacturer of healthy snack foods, beverage and related products. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-University-of-Chicago-Study-Finds-Parenting-Style-and-Babys-Temperament-Predict-Challenging-Behavior-Later-in-Childhood-Crib-and-Bassinet-Safety-Issues-Examine Sun, 29 Jun 2008 23:31:54 -0400 University of Chicago parenting style baby temperament crib recall bassinets nursery Toys 'R' Us American Academy of Pediatrics gluten free recipe millet http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Organic-Baby-Food--Gluten-Free-Recipe-of-the-Month-Millet-Cereal By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist About Millet Millet is one of the oldest foods known to man and may possibly the first cereal grain to be used for domestic purposes. Referenced in the bible, millet was the primary grain used to make bread and has been used as a staple grain in Africa and India for thousands of years. Some breads you might have encountered such as chapatti, roji, or uji are all made with millet. Millet was actually the primary grain in China before rice came along. Today, millet sustains 1/3 of the worlds population and is rated as the sixth most important grain worldwide. Just like many other gluten free grains, millet is gaining new notoriety despite its ancient history. Millet grows much like corn in tall stalks, and the main edible portion is the seed which must be hulled before eating. Millet grows well on poor soils, yet much of the millet produced today is used for bird and cattle feed. Highly nutritious, millet touts a great deal of protein and fiber, along with B-complex vitamins, amino acids, magnesium, and vitamin E. One of our favorite attributes is that this easily digested grain is also gluten free, making it acceptable for celiacs. Preparation Millet has a mild, nutty flavor that can be enhanced by dry toasting the grain in a pan for about 2-3 minutes prior to cooking. A general rule of thumb for millet preparation is 3 parts water to 1 part grain; simmered while covered until liquid is absorbed. Millet is fluffier in texture when less water is used and if the grain is pre-soaked, you can reduce cooking time by about 10 minutes. In addition, millet can also be boiled like pasta, which is another time saving method. It makes a great side dish, can be used in soups, stews, and casseroles or even made into a pilaf. The flour can be used in baked goods, providing a buttery smooth texture and makes a tasty flat bread. Kid Friendly Millet Cereal This gluten free recipe makes a hearty, nutritious breakfast cereal that is quick and easy to make. The bananas make this recipe similar in flavor to warm banana bread. Free of common allergens, it has been tried and tested by Mum Mums own dietitian and is sure to please the whole family. The original recipe is from Gluten Free Grains; an excellent resource for celiacs, vegans, and anyone looking to expand their dietary repertoire. ½ cup raw, whole millet* 2 ¼ cup rice, almond, or other milk* 2 large ripe bananas, sliced* 1 tablespoon brown sugar ½ teaspoon pure vanilla extract* In a 2 quart pan bring milk and millet to a boil; simmer over low heat (uncovered) for about 15 minutes. Stir in bananas and remaining ingredients, and continue to simmer until desired consistency is achieved- approximately 5 minutes. For additional variations, try 1/3 cup gluten free chocolate chips, 1 teaspoon cinnamon or ½ teaspoon nutmeg, dried fruit, or nuts only if tolerated. Serves 4 Prep Time: 20 minutes *Use certified organic foods when possible http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Organic-Baby-Food--Gluten-Free-Recipe-of-the-Month-Millet-Cereal Fri, 27 Jun 2008 21:20:58 -0400 gluten free recipe millet cereal gluten free grains millet recipe certified organic foods nutrient dense grain celiac allergens http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Crib-and-Bassinet-Safety-Issues-Examined By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Where your new baby is to sleep is probably the most important component of nursery preparation. During babys first few weeks, many parents opt to use a bassinet so that the baby may be in the room with her parents, yet have her own sleeping space. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advises that babies sleep in a separate but nearby bed for the safest baby sleeping environment. This week, 2 poignant news articles discuss safe sleeping for babies. Of the first and most alarming articles, Toys ‘R Us and Babies ‘R Us have recalled over 320,000 cribs yesterday due to safety issues. The cribs, made by Jardine, contain wooden slats and spindles in the frame that can easily break. Once those slats or spindles break, a child can then get caught in the remaining gap. Recently, 4 instances of children getting trapped have been reported, with 2 of those children sustaining cuts and bruises. The Jardine cribs were manufactured in China and Japan and sold at exclusively by Toys ‘R Us Inc. Retailers include both Geoffrey and KidsWorld stores, which are now both closed but did sell the recalled cribs. The head of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) states they do not hesitate to recall a product the moment babies and toddlers are believed to be at risk. A Toys ‘R Us spokesperson said all Jardine cribs have been removed from all stores once they became aware of the complaints. For more information on the specific cribs recalled, consumers can call 1-800-646-4106. In other news, 2 new studies evaluating bedsharing and bassinet risk factors will be published in the July issue of the AAPs Journal of Pediatrics. Researchers from Childrens National Medical Center utilized the CPSCs records from 1990-2004 detailing reported risk incidents from bassinet usage. The predominant risk factors for bassinets usage was lack of oxygen from other items found in the bassinet such as pillows, blankets, and plastic bags. The minority of the cases reported were from malfunctioning bassinets. The same researchers also evaluated the sleeping locations of 708 mothers and infants and found that babies were safest when sleeping alone. Bassinet usage allows for the baby to sleep close to mum without having to sleep in the same bed, until he is ready for a crib. According to researchers, following the CPSCs guidelines for safe bassinet usage will provide the safest nights sleep for baby. Researchers also note to make sure the bassinet is free from additional items such as pillows and blankets, be sure baby is sleeping on his back, and choose a bassinet with side that are made of air permeable material such as mesh. Resources: 1. Bassinet use and sudden unexpected death in infancy by Jodi Pike, and Rachel Y. Moon, DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.04.052 2. Infant sleep location: Associated maternal and infant characteristics with SIDS prevention recommendations by Linda Y. Fu, Eve R. Colson, Michael J. Corwin, and Rachel Y. Moon, DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.004 http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Crib-and-Bassinet-Safety-Issues-Examined Thu, 26 Jun 2008 14:35:08 -0400 nursery American Academy of Pediatrics Consumer Product Safety Commission Jardine cribs crib recall bassinet safety safe sleeping Journal of Pediatrics Toys 'R' Us http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development-University-of-Chicago-Study-Finds-Parenting-Style-and-Babys-Temperament-Predict-Challenging-Behavior-in-Later-Childhood By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist The recurring news of late about how a mother bonds with her baby during the first year of life may begin to sound redundant, but each new study provides a bit more insight into a childs later years. While the first year of your babys life may be full of sleepless nights and a lot of hoping for the best, what you can provide as mother during those initial 12 months can lay the framework for healthy child development. A new study has found that the way a mother interacts with her baby during the first year of life is strongly related to the childs behaviors later in life. Researchers from the University of Chicago found that both the babys temperament and the mothers parenting style can predict a childs future challenging behavior. The findings of the study, published this month in the Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, reveal that parental ratings of babys temperament along with parenting styles provide surprisingly accurate predictors of child conduct up through age 13. Child conduct was reported based on maternal ratings. The study actually worked backwards to find associations with the childs current behaviors and their temperament as an infant. Researchers looked at about 1,800 children aged 4-13, whose behaviors were reported by their mothers. Baby temperaments were measured by how fearful, predictable, and fussy there were; as well as activity levels and overall general disposition. Challenging childhood behaviors included telling lies, cheating, difficulty getting along with teachers, bullying, and being disobedient at home and/or at school. Infants who were intellectually stimulated by their mothers during the first year of life as well as being less fussy with more predictable behaviors were at low risk of behavioral problems later in life. An interesting observation made during the study was that early childhood spanking was another predictor of challenging child conduct in Non-Hispanic families but not in families of Hispanic descent. The results provide additional support for the theory that focusing on parenting skills during the first year of life can help a child for several years to come. Lastly, researchers conclude that more emphasis should be placed on increasing cognitive stimulation for babies by their mothers. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development-University-of-Chicago-Study-Finds-Parenting-Style-and-Babys-Temperament-Predict-Challenging-Behavior-in-Later-Childhood Wed, 25 Jun 2008 16:42:22 -0400 University of Chicago baby development parenting style baby temperament fussy Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology challenging childhood behaviors http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-CDC-Report-Finds-Hospitals-Do-Not-Do-Enough-to-Promote-Breastfeeding-C-Sections-May-Be-Responsible-for-Some-Early-Births-Babies-Need-a-Healthy-Restful-Nursery This is a selection of recent popular blogs from Mum Mum, where parents can find information on everything to do with babies and parenting with an emphasis on health and nutrition. CDC Report Finds Hospitals Do Not Do Enough to Promote Breastfeeding Despite the overwhelming amount of research touting the benefits of breastfeeding, it appears hospitals and birthing centers are not promoting such a beneficial practice. Mum Mums explains a recent study set out to discover just how proficient hospitals and birthing centers were at educating mothers. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reveals the first ever study looking at breastfeeding practices in hospitals and birthing centers across the country. Sadly, however, the majority were deemed breastfeeding unfriendly . The CDC openly endorses breastfeeding for new mothers but found the study very disappointing and hopes the new information will illustrate the need for birthing facilities to improve breastfeeding practices. C-Sections May Be Responsible for Some Early Births Caesarian section deliveries were reserved for medical emergencies in previous years. Yet a steady increase in c-sections has medical professionals questioning this current trend. The post reveals a recent study found c-sections may be responsible for babies being born too early. The CDC, along with the March of Dimes and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found a 10% increase in the rate of premature births. Ninety-two percent of those births were delivered c-section. Most of the babies were born at 34-37 weeks, which is known as late pre-term. There are health risks associated with late pre-term babies, but doctors feel some parents pressure them into a c-section to due discomfort. Babies Need a Healthy, Restful Nursery Preparing a nursery for a new baby should include more than just color schemes. The post highlights how to create a healthy, green nursery, an aspect important to a babys health. A specialist in healthy indoor environments from Sylvane Inc. feels parents need to put health first when it comes to redecorating. Painting is recommended a few months before baby is born, or have the baby sleep in another room until the nursery is adequately ventilated and paint smells have vanished. It is also important to keep allergies to a minimum by frequent vacuuming, washing bedding frequently, providing adequate ventilation, and keeping pets out the babys room. About The Mum-Mum Blog The Baby Mum Mum Blog discusses everything to do with Babies and Parenting with a focus on Health, Nutrition and Infant Development. Baby Mum Mum is a healthy, easy to digest baby rice snack that is enjoyed by babies and moms around the world for its portability, gluten free ingredients and great taste. Baby Mum Mum is a division of Want Want Holdings, a manufacturer of healthy snack foods, beverage and related products. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-CDC-Report-Finds-Hospitals-Do-Not-Do-Enough-to-Promote-Breastfeeding-C-Sections-May-Be-Responsible-for-Some-Early-Births-Babies-Need-a-Healthy-Restful-Nursery Mon, 23 Jun 2008 14:36:08 -0400 breastfeeding birthing centers CDC March of Dimes c-section premature babies late pre-term births nursery Sylvane Inc http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Organic-Baby-Food--Babies-Need-a-Healthy-Restful-Nursery Wondering if the precious baby growing in your tummy is a boy or a girl can create some indecision over what color to paint the nursery. In addition to creating a green friendly, organic nursery, parents should also be thinking about creating a healthy room. A U.S. specialist in healthy indoor environments states parents need to put health first when preparing their babys room. Steven Hong of Sylvane Inc., explains that while a fresh coat of paint may look lovely, lingering fumes can cause a baby eye irritation, nausea, and other health problems. Its is best to paint the nursery well ahead of time before the baby is born or at least have the baby sleep in another room until the nursery can be adequately ventilated and that new paint smell has disappeared. Also recommended is frequent removal of possible pollutants in the air coming from furniture, plastics, new carpeting, and dust mites by running a good quality air filter or the air conditioning. Changing filters, keeping air ducts clean, and keeping an eye on moisture levels all keep mold in check and provide a healthy breathing environment for babies. To help keep allergies at baby, Hong suggests washing all bedding in hot water along with frequent cleaning with a HEPA-filtered vacuum or steam cleaner. Although pets can be fun additions to the family, they shouldnt be allowed in the nursery or crib. Pets not only bring in dander, which can induce respiratory allergies, but they also carry outdoor pests such as ticks and fleas. Speaking of a healthy babys room, there are few website to help parents keep toxins and pollutants to a minimum. The Green Home Guide provides great healthy nursery tips. Ecomall not only helps you pick non-toxic paints, it also details how color choices can affect your babys sleeping patterns. Mum Mums recommends choosing organic whenever possible, and Green for Baby has adorable and ecofriendly crib mattresses and bedding. Since babies spend the majority of time during their first year of life asleep, creating a peaceful, healthy environment for baby means everybody can rest easy. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Organic-Baby-Food--Babies-Need-a-Healthy-Restful-Nursery Sun, 22 Jun 2008 14:29:05 -0400 organic baby food green friendly organic nursery Steven Hong Sylvane Inc painting nursery cribs respiratory allergies http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--C-Sections-May-Be-Responsible-for-Some-Early-Births By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Women often dont plan to have a cesarean section (C-section) as their method of delivering a baby, yet nearly a third of US babies are born via C section. The steadily increasing number of C-section babies has health care professionals scratching their heads. One could certainly wonder if this procedure is truly medically necessary in such a large number of cases. A recent study finds C-sections may be a contributing to babies being born too early. Premature babies are at risk feeding and breathing disorders, delayed brain development, and other health problems. The study was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and the March of Dimes. Examining single births from 1996 to 2004, researchers found an increase of 10% of premature births or 60,000 babies. Of that percent increase, 92% were delivered cesarean. The majority were late preterm , meaning the babies were born after 34-37 weeks gestation whereas full term births reach 38-42 weeks. The fastest growing subgroup of preterm births, late preterm babies, makes up about 70% of all births in the US. Although these babies are close to full term, they are still at risk of serious health problems being born too early. C-sections are far more common and often a precautionary measure in multiple births, which is why the study focused on single births only. Since medical records do not often illuminate why c-sections are done, researchers say it may be too soon to say if prematurity can solely be blamed on c-sections. The caesarian rates have continued to climb rising from 21% in 1996 to 30% in 2005. The college of obstetrics strongly advises that induction of labor or c-sections should not be performed prior to 39 weeks. However, doctors are often between a rock and a hard place because patients sometimes pressure doctors for a c-section due to discomfort. There is often a risk of early late preterm births with c-sections because estimated due dates are not 100% accurate. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--C-Sections-May-Be-Responsible-for-Some-Early-Births Fri, 20 Jun 2008 13:44:13 -0400 baby development cesarean section c-section March of Dimes Albert Einstein College late preterm babies delivering babies http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--CDC-Report-Finds-Hospital-Do-Not-Do-Enough-to-Promote-Breastfeeding By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist More and more research is proving the just how beneficial breastfeeding is for both mother and baby. Yet it seems that little is being done to promote the practice of breastfeeding, which has also been shown in previous studies. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) just released the first ever hospital assessment on just how much birthing facilities are recommending new mothers breastfeed. The survey found, upon observation of hospitals and birthing centers across the country, that the majority were breastfeeding unfriendly . Breastfeeding is something the CDC openly endorses stating it provides optimal infant nutrition by reducing the risk of infant and maternal morbidity. A CDC spokesperson said the survey results are disappointing and hopes it demonstrates the need to improve the way hospitals promote and support breastfeeding. Published in the CDCs Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, the study analyzes 2007 survey responses from 2,690 hospitals and birthing centers. Each facility was given a score from 0 to 100, with the average score being 63. New England and West Coast states ranked higher while Vermont and New Hampshire topped the list. The Southern states did the poorest with Arkansas coming in last. The study also gave scores on 7 different aspects of maternity care including breastfeeding assistance and support, postpartum feeding, and organizational structure. The scores for individual locations have not been released yet, but will be given to the hospitals and birthing centers next month as well as to local health departments. Not only did the study find hospitals and birthing centers did not promote breastfeeding, the CDC found that many actually engage in practices that interfere with successful breastfeeding. These practices include giving pacifiers, limiting suckling duration, and providing new mothers with infant formula gift bags- as many as 70% . In addition, one quarter of hospitals reported giving formula or supplemental feeding to more than half of the healthy, full-term infants. According to Baby Friendly USA, it is not that hospitals purposely shun breastfeeding; it is just that the formula industry has deep roots in hospital settings. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--CDC-Report-Finds-Hospital-Do-Not-Do-Enough-to-Promote-Breastfeeding Tue, 17 Jun 2008 19:29:17 -0400 hospitals birthing centers CDC breastfeeding breastfeeding support infant formula Baby Friendly USA http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-3-Month-Old-Infants-are-Sensitive-to-Emotional-Cues-Referring-to-Objects-in-the-World-US-News-and-World-Report-Finds-8-Smart-Ways-to-Afford-a-Baby-Humor-Shown- 3 Month Old Infants are Sensitive to Emotional Cues Referring to Objects in the World Babies may smile back at you when you giving them a loving smile, but there may be a lot more going on inside their heads than previously thought. The post explains a new study found that babies use social cues to discover the world around them at a much earlier age. Social referencing, the ability to use social cues to guide ones own behavior, was previously thought to only occur in infants at about 12 months of age. Three month old babies viewed images of adults viewing objects with either a neutral or fearful look on their face. Upon measurement of the babies brain activity, when the adults showed fear the babys attention to the object was heightened. US News and World Report Finds 8 Smart Ways to Afford a Baby Having a baby takes a lot of preparation; with financial prep being one of the foremost reasons couples postpone parenthood. More and more couples are waiting until an ideal of financial stability is reached before even thinking of having a baby. Mum Mums highlights a recent article touting 8 ways to afford a baby. A recent article from US News and World Report attempts to dispel financial excuses given by most couples. The economy is sinking yet the cost of having a baby is on the rise, leaving couples in a tough situation. In fact, the Department of Agriculture estimates the cost of having a child is about $11,000 per child per year. Earlier decades viewed having a baby as a means of entering adulthood, yet women now want to feel grown up before giving birth. Some of the clever ways to financially plan for baby are to spend wisely, make tradeoffs, practice budgeting, and just take the plunge. Humor Shown to Be Fundamental to Our Success as a Species There is nothing like laughter to lighten any mood, especially the giggle of your baby. Mum Mums explains that a new theory may provide a scientific explanation for a sense of humor and how it relates to baby development. Recently published by Alastair Clarke, the Pattern Recognition Theory of Humor explains why we find things funny, how humor is common in all human societies, and how laughter has been crucial to human evolution by being a key component of babies cognitive development. Clarke suggests humor is simply a pattern, much like language, that surprises our brains eliciting laughter. Since what one finds funny varies greatly from person to person, Clarke explains that humor is a series of patterns providing insight into an infants language development. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-3-Month-Old-Infants-are-Sensitive-to-Emotional-Cues-Referring-to-Objects-in-the-World-US-News-and-World-Report-Finds-8-Smart-Ways-to-Afford-a-Baby-Humor-Shown- Mon, 16 Jun 2008 13:51:43 -0400 baby development Mum Mum's 3 month old babies social referencing US News and World Report ways to afford a baby humor cognitive development Alastair Clarke http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Humor-Shown-to-Be-Fundamental-to-Our-Success-as-a-Species By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Laughter is certainly the best medicine, and there now may be a scientific explanation for that phrase. Watching babies laugh can warm the heart of grown ups, yet it might actually be a key to healthy child development. Just what humor is and why we find things funny can finally be answered in the Pattern Recognition Theory of Humor published by Alastair Clarke. Explaining why we find things funny as well the reason why laughter is common in all societies, the Pattern Recognition Theory also reveals how laughter has been critical to human evolution and remains vital to infantile cognitive development. Psychologists, literary critics, and philosophers have focused on why we get the joke or what we find funny stating that a global humor theory would be impossible. Clarke explains that just as a group of individuals can react differently to the same joke, we must analyze the process and structure responsible for the individuals response. Hence the name the pattern recognition theory; the theory finds that when the brain recognizes a pattern that surprises it, the result is laughter. How can this be applied to baby development? As Clarke states, humor is actually more about basic cognitive function than a good joke. By recognizing patterns, we are able to quickly understand our environment and appropriately function within that environment as well as pick up on language semantics. In regards to babies, this theory sheds new light on old tests that utilize humor to diagnose neurological or psychological conditions and will provide insight into proper language development in infants. Using the game peek-a-boo to illustrate his theory, Clarke explains that the result of the game elicits the same mechanism for humor seen in adults. As early as 4 months old, babies can giggle at a round of peek-a-boo which Clarke feels is a process of surprise recognition resulting in a clear pattern. These patterns in childhood humor become more complex and take on temporal elements until the child eventually begins to understand the patterns involved in linguistics. Clarkes humor theory does not attempt to explain exactly what we find funny, as that is the result of an individuals combination of life experiences and perceptions. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Humor-Shown-to-Be-Fundamental-to-Our-Success-as-a-Species Sun, 15 Jun 2008 20:42:22 -0400 laughter Alastair Clarke Pattern Recognition Theory of Humor baby development language peek-a-boo humor http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development-US-News-and-World-Report-Finds-8-Smart-Ways-to-Afford-a-Baby By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Preparing to have a baby takes a lot of planning, and financial planning is becoming a major component of baby prep. One of the main reasons women nowadays are having babies later is life is worry of being able to afford raising a child, to the point that financial stability often dictates when and if a couple will have a baby. US News and World Report delves into a few ways to financially plan a baby. Couples are currently between a rock and hard place; the economy is tightening while the cost of having babies is steadily going up. Steep increases in gas and food prices certainly arent helping the matter any. According to the Department of Agriculture, costs of parenting have risen $2,500 since 1997 leaving couples to currently spend $11,000 per year per child. Several factors have played a part in this birthing delay. The definition of growing up or entering adulthood has been parlayed as it is defined as finishing school or leaving the parents home. Rising costs of tuition, healthcare, and housing causes a great deal of stress resulting in the postponement of having a baby or forging the idea altogether. In addition, women previously viewed having a baby a means of growing up while women now want to be grown up before having a baby. The real question to ask yourself is: is there ever really a perfect time to have a baby? Life is constantly changing and as a nation we somehow always manage to adapt. If having a baby is something you desire, there are a few ways to better prepare your pocket book for the bundle of joy: Wait until after birth to start spending Spend Wisely: optimize the resale and consignment shops Make Tradeoffs: saving for college may have to wait until childcare costs are reduced when baby gets older Check on benefits: check with employers on maternity and paternity leave, as well as health care benefits Plan ahead: do the best you can to make gradual shifts in your lifestyle Other tips include thinking creatively, practicing budgeting, and finally- just taking the plunge. In regards to the post baby finances, the Productivity Commission just finished a national hearing on parental leave. The hearings discovered that a minimal maternity leave pay is not enough to entice women back to work. The Australian Institute of Family Studies, who provided data for the commission, found that guaranteeing pre-baby pay as well as better attitudes in the workplace would provide more motivation for moms to return to work. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development-US-News-and-World-Report-Finds-8-Smart-Ways-to-Afford-a-Baby Fri, 13 Jun 2008 14:32:16 -0400 US News and World Report preparing for baby budgeting for a baby Productivity Commission Australian Institute of Family Studies post baby http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development---3-Month-Old-Infants-are-Sensitive-to-Emotional-Cues-Referring-to-Objects-in-the-World By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Observing your little 3 month old baby, you may struggle to figure out just what is going on inside her head. Beginning to teach her new objects and sounds, and perhaps receiving an acknowledging smile, you may think that is all that can occur at her age. She may be paying more attention to your behaviors than you know, according to a new study. Researchers from Hunter College and the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Scientists found that at 3 month old babies brains go beyond just smiling back at you; they use social cues to process objects around them. For the past several decades, it was believed that social referencing did not develop until a baby is about 12 months of age. Social referencing is the ability to locate and utilize social cues as a means to guide ones behavior in a new situation. The research team showed 3 month old babies images of people viewing new objects with either a fearful or neutral look on their face. Measurement of the babies electrophysiological brain activity revealed that the processing of a new object was contingent upon the emotional signals that the adults had used. Essentially, according to researchers, when an adult showed fear toward an object it heightened the infants attention. The study provides exciting insight into brain development. Authors of the study feel the research not only aids in understanding how social signals are processed by babies, but also may be able to pinpoint infants at risk for abnormal communicative development such as autism. By measuring a babys brain measurements, we are able to see how they view the world around them even before they have the behaviors and social skills to show us. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development---3-Month-Old-Infants-are-Sensitive-to-Emotional-Cues-Referring-to-Objects-in-the-World Wed, 11 Jun 2008 14:26:24 -0400 baby development 3 month old babies Hunter College Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Scientists social referencing communicative development http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-Ohio-State-University-Study-Reveals-Mothers-Behavior-Key-to-Fathers-Involvement-100-Calorie-Vegan-Marshmallow-Treats-Receive-Rave-Reviews-FDA-Steps-Up-Advisori This is a selection of recent popular blogs from Mum Mum, where parents can find information on everything to do with babies and parenting with an emphasis on health and nutrition. Ohio State University Study Reveals Mothers Behavior Key to Fathers Involvement While current culture finds mothers provide the lions share of babies care giving, many mums would welcome extra help from fathers. Mum Mums explains, however, that a mothers behavior may actually dictate just how much dads pitch in and help. The Ohio State University study, upon observation of 97 couples living in the Midwest, discovered that mothers play a key role in a fathers involvement in child rearing. The expecting parents filled out questionnaires both before birth and after the babies arrived. The survey questions highlighted how the couples viewed the role of the father as well as how the mother responds to fathers assistance. Researchers also videotaped both parents changing the baby to observe who helped the most. The study found that the mothers gatekeeping or protective behaviors were integral for the fathers. When dads help was met with encouragement, he was much more likely to help out more often. Yet if fathers care giving skills were criticized he was far less inclined to offer assistance. 100 Calorie Vegan Marshmallow Treats Receive Rave Reviews Kids and adults alike enjoy a sweet treat every once in a while. Yet when lifestyles change or food allergies are present, it can be tough satisfy your sweet tooth while maintaining healthy eating habits. The post explains a new treat on the market has received rave reviews for being both delicious and healthy. Glennys Brown Rice Marshmallow Treats may take you back to childhood with just one bite. Getting a great deal of acclaim in the new issue of VegNews, Glennys treats promise to be delicious as well as fitting into a variety of dietary choices. Made from brown rice and animal product free marshmallows, Glennys Marshmallow Treats are suitable for vegans and celiacs. These treats are free of gluten, dairy, eggs, and high fructose corn syrup; and are only 100 calories per serving. FDA Steps Up Advisories to Protect Expecting Women and Babies Following criticism of poorly handling the plastic baby bottle safety issue, Mum Mums reveals the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) made 2 big announcements last week in an effort to improve protective measures for expecting women, infants, and children. First, the FDA announced a proposal to change labeling of prescription and over the counter medications. The change would mandate usage instructions, risk, and current research be printed on drug labels for expecting and breastfeeding women. The brunt of responsibility would be on the drug makers, as the new proposal requires drug makers to continually update labels as new information is revealed via research. Secondly, the FDA has updated their stance on mercury amalgam dental fillings stating they do indeed pose a health risk to expecting women and their unborn babies. Risks include mercurys neurotoxic effects on developing nervous systems. About The Mum-Mum Blog The Baby Mum Mum Blog discusses everything to do with Babies and Parenting with a focus on Health, Nutrition and Infant Development. Baby Mum Mum is a healthy, easy to digest baby rice snack that is enjoyed by babies and moms around the world for its portability, gluten free ingredients and great taste. Baby Mum Mum is a division of Want Want Holdings, a manufacturer of healthy snack foods, beverage and related products. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report-Ohio-State-University-Study-Reveals-Mothers-Behavior-Key-to-Fathers-Involvement-100-Calorie-Vegan-Marshmallow-Treats-Receive-Rave-Reviews-FDA-Steps-Up-Advisori Tue, 10 Jun 2008 18:34:02 -0400 Mum Mum's Ohio State University gatekeeping fathers expecting women breastfeeding Glenny's Vegan Marshmallow treats FDA mercury dental fillings prescription drug labels http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--FDA-Steps-Up-Advisories-to-Protect-Expecting-Women-and-Babies By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Perhaps the result of recent criticism regarding the handling of the plastic baby bottle safety issue, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stepped up its game last week. First proposed was a mandatory drug safety labeling for pregnant and breastfeeding women. The FDA also issued a new position statement regarding the use of mercury dental fillings by pregnant women and children. The FDA proposed a serious change in the labeling of both prescription and over the counter drugs. The labeling change would require safety instructions for pregnant and nursing women. Expecting U.S. women take, on average, 3-5 medications throughout pregnancy while 90% of breastfeeding women take medications during the first week after delivery. In the works for 11 years, the new labeling system would provide data on testing as well as current research regarding risks for the medication. Information would be classified in 3 categories: - Clinical considerations: the drugs possible effects if a women takes it before realizing she is pregnant - Fetal risk summary: labels would detail known risks and whether those risks were determined via animal or human studies - Data: current research information Labeling would also indicate if expecting women need to alter the recommended dosage and provide information on the risk of birth defects while giving a better explanation of risks and side effects as they pertain to pregnant women and their unborn babies. The new labeling system also puts the responsibility on the drug makers requiring companies to regularly update information. Changing labels is rather costly for drug makers, but if the proposal goes into effect, all new drugs are required to abide by the new principals. Existing medications on the market will have 5 years to change their labels. FDA officials would like to make a final ruling within six months, while the proposal is open for public comment for 90 days. It appears to have been a busy week for the FDA, as they also updated their consumer advice regarding the use of mercury amalgam fillings stating mercury poses a risk to fetuses, children, and expecting women. These particularly sensitive populations are at a greater risk for the side effects of mercury including neurotoxic effects on developing nervous systems. The statement comes shortly after the non-profit group Moms against Mercury won a lawsuit brought against the FDA for not warning mothers of the risks of mercury dental fillings forcing them to provide a public advisory. Also to be included in the FDAs new mercury position statement is use of mercury fillings for those who are sensitive to heavy metals and persons with compromised immune systems. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--FDA-Steps-Up-Advisories-to-Protect-Expecting-Women-and-Babies Tue, 10 Jun 2008 16:55:31 -0400 FDA drug labels pregnant women expecting women breastfeeding mercury dental fillings drug safety neurotoxic babies http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Nutrition--100-Calorie-Vegan-Marshmallow-Treats-Receive-Rave-Reviews By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist Everybody has that favorite recipe or treat that takes you back to childhood. It seems just the scent can evoke wonderful memories of helping mum in the kitchen learning her recipes. What happens if lifestyles change, allergies develop, youve become a bit more health conscience, or you want your children to have those same memories but with a healthier twist? A brand new product on the market may be able to help. In the new issue of VegNews, a magazine focused on vegetarian lifestyles, Glennys new Brown Rice Marshmallow Treats are getting rave reviews. Highlighted in the VegPicks section of the magazine, these new treats have been taste tested and approved VegNews staff. It can be tough to find a treat reminiscent of childhood that actually fit into your food and lifestyle choices. Anyone who is vegan, has food allergies, or celiac disease knows that can be an especially challenging endeavor. Remember those crispy marshmallow treats you had as a kid? That old recipe uses butter, marshmallows, and cereal; all of which can pose a problem for people with dietary restrictions. Glennys new Marshmallow Treats are suitable for vegans because they do not contain any animal products, as marshmallows typically do. Made predominately with brown rice, these snacks are free of many common childhood allergens including eggs, gluten, or dairy. Being gluten free, this is a great option for celiacs. For those kids with allergies, Glennys Vegan Marshmallow treats make a great snack option or brown bag lunch treat. Not just for allergy sufferers, Glennys treats are only 100 calories per serving and are free from high fructose corn syrup. Available in 3 yummy flavors, these treats are portable and delicious. Glennys Vegan Marshmallow treats are available online where you can get a 15% discount on a purchase of their variety pack for a limited time. Granted you wont be in moms kitchen helping her cook, but one taste will be sure to take you back there. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Nutrition--100-Calorie-Vegan-Marshmallow-Treats-Receive-Rave-Reviews Thu, 05 Jun 2008 16:46:05 -0400 Glenny's Marshmallow Treats 100 calorie celiac disease gluten free VegNews food allergies vegan brown bag lunch http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Ohio-State-University-Study-Reveals-Mothers-Behavior-Key-to-Fathers-Involvement-in-Childcare By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist There is certainly nothing like a mothers love, but plenty of research has shown that a fathers love is equally important. Mothers tend to be the predominate caregiver for babies, sometimes pining for an extra set of hands. It may come as a surprise to many mums to discover that they may play a key role in just how involved a father is in caring for a childs needs. A new study by Ohio State University found that mothers play an integral role in a fathers involvement with parenting. Ninety-seven Midwest couples were given surveys before the birth of their babies in order to determine the couples beliefs on the role of fathers in childrearing. The couples were either married or cohabitating and were expecting a child when the study began. When the newborns reached 3.5 months of age, researchers also conducted in-home assessments videotaping both parents interaction with the baby in order to see how involved the fathers were and if their parenting skills were up to par. Parents once again filled out questionnaires detailing the mothers protective behaviors and how she responds to the fathers assistance with either encouragement or disapproval. A separate questionnaire was then completed detailing the fathers involvement with child care and whether or not the couples got along when it came to the baby. During the videotaped sessions, the couples were asked to change the babys clothes together so that researchers may note who did the majority of the work. While other studies of this nature neglected to look at how a mothers behavior affects fathers involvement, scholars have previously suggested that gatekeeping by mothers occurs. Also, previous theories about maternal gatekeeping have only focused on a mothers negative responses to a fathers care giving attempts neglecting to note that positive encouragement can be equally, if not more, important. It turns out, the most positive reinforcement a father receives; the more likely he is to lend a helping hand. In regards to the study, it appears to be a case of the chicken and the egg. Researchers note more study is needed to determine whether a mothers encouragement initiates more help from dad, or if more help from the father is responsible for mums positivity. Further researcher may come sooner than later, as the research team was granted funds for a long-term study on the causes and effects of maternal gatekeeping. http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Baby-Development--Ohio-State-University-Study-Reveals-Mothers-Behavior-Key-to-Fathers-Involvement-in-Childcare Thu, 05 Jun 2008 15:52:26 -0400 baby development Ohio State University father's involvement childcare care giving mums gatekeeping http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report--FDA-Warns-Against-Use-of-Mommys-Bliss-Nipple-Cream-Twins-Double-the-Fun-University-of-Helsinki-Study-asks-Has-Decreased-Infection-Load-of-Infants-lead-to-Incr This is a selection of recent popular blogs from Mum Mum, where parents can find information on everything to do with babies and parenting with an emphasis on health and nutrition. FDA Warns Against Use of Mommys Bliss Nipple Cream Many products are aimed at soothing the nipple irritation that can occur during breastfeeding. Only one, however, has a new advisory issued by the FDA regarding its usage. The post explains the Food and Drug Administration has detailed the potential harm Mommys Bliss Nipple Cream can cause infants. Warning mothers not to purchase or use the cream, marketed by MOM Enterprises Inc., the FDA found ingredients to pose serious health risks to infants. The 2 main chemicals in question are phenoxyethanol and chlorphenesin; which can cause symptoms ranging from vomiting and diarrhea to respiratory distress and difficulty breathing. Even though the cream specifically states mothers do not need to wash off the cream before nursing, it that exposure to the cream via ingestion that poses the health risks to infants. The FDA also recommends contacting your physician immediately if you notice any unusual symptoms or behaviors in your baby. Twins: Double the Fun Once a rare occurrence, the rate of twins has doubled in the past 30 years. The increase in fertility treatments could be a source of the twins boom, unless of course you have a maternal family history of twins or are a twin yourself. Mum Mums provides a little insight into caring for a double bundle of joy. If youve always dreamed of having twins, eating yams and conceiving at an older may help increase the odds. If you are expecting twins, start planning ahead as twins typically arrive a little earlier than single births. Dont be shy about asking for help when you need it, and be clear about exactly what friends and family can do to help. Getting both babies on the same schedule for eating and sleeping can also help save time throughout the day. Many women have successfully breastfed twins, and a lactation expert can imperative insight. Most importantly, be sure to schedule some time for yourself and with your partner, as it will ultimately make you a better mother. Has Decreased Infection Load of Infants lead to Increased Allergic and Autoimmune Disease? Higher living standards, an increase in sterilization techniques and antibacterial products since World War II appear to be responsible for an increase in autoimmune disease. A new study seeks answers for the question: by removing daily exposure with day to day bacteria, are we actually weakening a childs immune system? The post details the answer. Autoimmune diseases and allergies have been on the rise. The University of Helsinki, commissioned by the European Union, hopes to find what is responsible for this decrease in immune system strength in a study of over 9,000 children that will last from 2008 -2013. The project is entitled DIABIMMUNE and will examine infants from over 12 countries from birth until 5 years of age. Researchers will be focused on how living environment affects immune system maturation by examining intestinal flora and determining if protection of allergies and autoimmune disease is a result of total bacterial load or specific microbes. About The Mum-Mum Blog The Baby Mum Mum Blog discusses everything to do with Babies and Parenting with a focus on Health, Nutrition and Infant Development. Baby Mum Mum is a healthy, easy to digest baby rice snack that is enjoyed by babies and moms around the world for its portability, gluten free ingredients and great taste. Baby Mum Mum is a division of Want Want Holdings, a manufacturer of healthy snack foods, beverage and related products http://www.mummums.com/2008/06/Mum-Mums-Blog-Report--FDA-Warns-Against-Use-of-Mommys-Bliss-Nipple-Cream-Twins-Double-the-Fun-University-of-Helsinki-Study-asks-Has-Decreased-Infection-Load-of-Infants-lead-to-Incr Mon, 02 Jun 2008 12:55:33 -0400 FDA Mommy's Bliss Nipple Cream nursing breastfeeding twins caring for twins University of Helsinki allergies autoimmune disease Mum Mum's http://www.mummums.com/2008/05/Baby-Development--University-of-Helsinki-study-asks-Has-Decreased-Infection-Load-of-Infants-Led-to-Increased-Allergic-and-Autoimmune-Disease By Colleen Hurley, RD, Certified Kids Nutrition Specialist It is often advised to keep a sterile environment for babies by sterilizing bottles and binkies, as well as regular hand washing. Many antibacterial soaps and wipes are marketed to children, parents, and caregivers. In addition, the majority of children are vaccinated against several serious viruses and bacteria before the age of 3. A new study asks a poignant question: by removing all bacteria, are we actually weakening an infants immune system? Higher living standards seem to promote the development of allergies and autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease is a condition in which the body treats its own tissues and cells like they are harmful invaders and begins attacking them as such. Celiac disease is considered an autoimmune disorder in which gluten signals an attack on the epithelial cells of the intestines. Stemming from the hygiene theory , it is believed that without normal day to day encounters with bacteria to eliminate from the body, the body begins to attack itself. Allergies and autoimmune disorders have been steadily increasing in industrialized countries since the Second World War. For the first time, an extensive research project has begun to examine this very phenomenon by taking a look at how a childs living environment affects the development of their immune system. Six million Euros have been given to the University of Helsinki by the European Union (EU) and its Seventh Framework Program. The project, entitled DIABIMMUNE, is set to run from 2008-2013 and hopes to determine if the decrease in infection load has lead to the development of type 1 diabetes and the increase of allergies. DIABIMMUNE includes 12 partners from 5 countries including Finland and Russia and will involve over 9, 000 children being followed from birth until their 3rd and 5th birthdays. Previous studies have found that Finnish children have six times greater the cases of type 1 diabetes and a 5 times higher rate of celiac disease than Russian children. Despite this prevalence, both nationalities have equal amounts of HLA gene variants, which predispose people to autoimmune disease. Researchers note that the frequency of autoimmune disorders cannot be due to genetics based on the variance of the genetic makeup of the children in the study. The DIABIMMUNE project will focus on the development of intestinal flora after birth and how environment affects composition of the flora during the first few years of life. Also to be examined is the affects infections have on immune system maturation and if protection from allergies and autoimmune disease is due to infection load or specific microbes. Although the study will take several years to conclude, it will certainly provide much needed insight to celiac disease, autoimmune disorders, and allergies. http://www.mummums.com/2008/05/Baby-Development--University-of-Helsinki-study-asks-Has-Decreased-Infection-Load-of-Infants-Led-to-Increased-Allergic-and-Autoimmune-Disease Thu, 29 May 2008 20:43:04 -0400 University of Helsinki DIABIMMUNE project autoimmune disease celiac disease immune system maturation infants intestinal flora European Union